Drug metabolism consists of the sum of the biochemical processes through which medication is transformed by enzymes into substances that can be absorbed in the body system. The course of treatment and its efficiency very much depend on the way the system receives and tolerates the medication. Drugs nevertheless, are created in such a way so as to correspond to the organic processes specific to the body functioning for the digestive tract, the bloodstream and the tissues where the active components have to reach. The similarity between drug metabolism leads to the appearance of interactions or reactions when more than one medication is administered.

Although all biological tissues have the capacity to metabolize drugs, the liver is the organ with the biggest function in drug metabolism. This liver function is more intense because of the high concentration of enzymes that are secreted at this organ level. When the pharmaceutical substance gets into the hepatic circuit, there is a peak in the drug metabolism. Yet, there are other body parts that are also involved in drug metabolism: the kidneys, the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, the lungs or the skin. The only problem is that in most such drug metabolism cases, the toxicity reactions are more intense and numerous.

Drug metabolism can vary depending on some pathological and physiological factors, and these need to be taken into consideration when a specific medication is prescribed. Thus, the condition of the intestinal flora, sex and age differences, nutrition and other possible diseases influence drug metabolism in more than one way.

Heart, liver and kidney disease represent the most troublesome pathological factors that interfere with drug metabolism. Therefore, it is of utmost importance that you inform the doctor on any health condition that you may suffer from. Moreover, before any drug administration, don’t forget to mention whether you are on any medication, because interactions with very serious consequences may appear.

Last but not least, although it may seem irrelevant or unimportant for a patient, some knowledge on drug metabolism could help you understand how medication works on the body system. Moreover, it could help one prevent or minimize some nasty side effects.

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